What is the focus of formative evaluation?

The focus of formative evaluation is primarily on improving program design and implementation. This type of evaluation is conducted during the development and early stages of a program to gather feedback that can guide adjustments and enhancements. The goal is to ensure that the program is effectively meeting the needs of the target population and is poised for success once it is fully launched.

Formative evaluation is typically characterized by its emphasis on ongoing feedback, which aids program planners in making informed decisions about modifications and operational improvements. This approach allows stakeholders to identify any challenges or obstacles early on, ensuring that adjustments can be made proactively rather than waiting until after the program has been fully implemented.

In contrast, assessing long-term impacts relates more closely to summative evaluation, which occurs after a program's full implementation to measure outcomes and impacts over time. Measuring participant satisfaction alone is also insufficient for formative evaluation since it encompasses a broader array of elements, including program execution and procedural effectiveness, rather than just participant feedback. Identifying financial shortfalls, while important, is a specific concern that may not capture the holistic nature of formative evaluation aimed at enhancing program effectiveness. Thus, focusing on improvement during the design and implementation phases is what defines the essence of formative evaluation.