The process in which researchers intentionally select participants is called ______.

Purposeful sampling is the correct term for the process in which researchers intentionally select participants based on specific characteristics or criteria that align with the aims of the study. This method is particularly useful in qualitative research where the goal is to gain in-depth insights or understanding of a particular phenomenon. By selecting participants purposefully, researchers can ensure that they are gathering data from individuals who have relevant experiences or perspectives, thereby enhancing the richness and relevance of the data collected.

In contrast, participant recruitment generally refers to the broader process of attracting participants to a study, which may include various strategies to encourage participation but does not inherently involve the intentional selection based on specific criteria. Meaningful sampling is not a widely recognized term in research methodology, making this option less relevant. General sampling implies a more random or non-specific selection process, which does not align with the focus on intentionality found in purposeful sampling. This distinction is critical for understanding how different sampling methods can impact the outcomes and applicability of a research study.