In which situation would a summative evaluation be most appropriate?

A summative evaluation is primarily concerned with assessing the effectiveness and outcomes of a program after its implementation is completed. It aims to determine whether the program achieved its goals and objectives, providing valuable insights into the program's overall impact and success. This type of evaluation typically occurs once all activities and interventions have been carried out, allowing evaluators to analyze data related to specific outcomes, benefits, or changes attributable to the program.

When a program is completed, evaluators can utilize various methods, such as surveys, performance assessments, and outcome measurements, to gather data that reflects the program's effectiveness. This feedback is essential for making informed decisions about the program's future, including whether to continue, replicate, or modify certain elements.

In contrast, summative evaluations would not be appropriate during the early stages of program planning or while gathering preliminary data for program needs, as these situations require formative evaluations that focus on program design and development. Redesigning an existing program may also rely more on formative evaluations to assess and iterate upon existing elements rather than assessing overall outcomes, which is the primary focus of summative evaluations. Thus, the timing and objectives of summative evaluations perfectly align with assessing outcomes after the program's completion.